Actos and Bladder Cancer News Flash
Actos and Bladder Cancer : Bladder cancer treatment can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. Although some of these treatments are used alone, often a combination of several treatments (i.e., both chemotherapy and surgery) is used for the most success. Selection of the most appropriate treatment is based on clinical staging, including pathological and radiographic information, and individual preference in close consultation with your physician. When choosing a bladder cancer treatment, it is important that you consider not only the potential for cancer cure but also the side effects and quality of life impact of various treatments.
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SURGICAL TREATMENT
Surgery plays an important role in both the staging and subsequent treatment of bladder cancer. Transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT) is the initial treatment step in the vast majority of patients with bladder cancer. TURBT provides valuable staging information, and pathological results from these procedures are used to make further decisions regarding what, if any, additional therapy is needed. The gold standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer is radical cystectomy (removal of the bladder). Advances in surgical technique and anesthesia have reduced the complications associated with this procedure in the last two decades. The development of continent urinary diversion, which allows one to empty the bladder through the urethra, is an option for certain patients. Minimally invasive procedures such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted radical cystectomy may also be treatment options. In addition, bladder-sparing procedures (either with partial removal of the bladder or aggressive TURBT frequently in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy) have allowed some patients to treat their cancer while leaving their bladders intact. Advances in surgical techniques continue to this day with the development of minimally invasive approaches to cystectomy. Both robotic-assisted and laparoscopic radical cystectomy have been performed safely in highly specialized centers and have the potential for decreased morbidity and a shorter period of recovery, but longer term follow-up is needed to determine if these procedures are equivalent to open surgical techniques.
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TURBT is often the first procedure you will have once diagnosed with a bladder tumor. This surgery is typically performed under general or spinal anesthesia as an outpatient procedure and without any incision, endoscopically through the urethra, which means a cystoscope is placed through the urethra and into the bladder. Through this scope your urologist can see the inside of your bladder and has the ability to resect, or remove, tumors in the bladder under direct vision using electrocautery. The electrocautery is also used to control bleeding after the resection is completed. TURBT is extremely important for the staging of bladder tumors but can also be therapeutic for lower stage bladder cancers. Once the tumor has been removed, it can be analyzed under the microscope by a pathologist. The pathological findings dictate further treatment decisions. If the tumor is low grade and noninvasive, you will likely not need any further therapy at this point except for close follow-up.
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Actos and Bladder Cancer